Oscar Pistorius has an anxiety disorder and is a "distrusting and guarded" person who is "hyper-vigilant" about security, the athlete's murder trial has heard.
Forensic psychiatrist Dr Merryl Vorster offered a rare insight into the athlete's mindset, saying he often feels "isolated and alone" and normally keeps his thoughts and feelings bottled up.
She spoke at length about his childhood, saying his mother was a "very anxious person" who slept with a gun under her pillow and "abused alcohol intermittently".
He views his father as an "irresponsible and mostly absent parent", the court heard, and he and his siblings - brother Carl and sister Aimee - were "reared to view the world as threatening".
Pistorius was described as a "distrusting and guarded person" Dr Vorster went on to talk about the 27-year-old's "fight or flight response", claiming he is more likely to stand up to threatening situations than to flee, as his capacity to do so is limited by his disability.
Pistorius had both legs amputated when he was 11 months old - an operation he would have perceived as a "traumatic assault" because he would not have known what was happening, she said.
The psychiatrist also told the court the insistence of his parents that he should take part in activities his friends enjoyed would have added to his stress and anxiety.
As he became more famous, she said, the Paralympian attempted to hide his disability.
Ms Steenkamp was shot dead on February 14, 2013. Pic: Stimulii He felt anxious about attending public events and would spend "many hours preparing for them so he would not embarrass himself", she added.
Pistorius is accused of killing his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp in a premeditated attack at his home in Pretoria, South Africa, on Valentine's Day last year.
He denies the charge and claims he shot his partner after mistaking her for an intruder.
Dr Vorster said Pistorius worries about his family's safety, especially his sister's, even when he is away training in Italy.
While in South Africa, he "worries about being followed and about the security of his home", she said.
Thomas Wolmarans faced tough questioning from Gerrie Nel on Friday He sleeps with his bedroom door locked and wakes often during the night, believing he has heard noises in his house, she added.
The court heard the Paralympian's increased anxiety levels mean he "perceives his surroundings as being threatening when perhaps they're not".
Dr Foster is expected to be one of the last witnesses to be called by Pistorius' defence team.
Earlier, prosecutor Gerrie Nel finished his intense questioning of ballistics expert Thomas Wolmarans, who was on the stand for three days.
On Friday, the witness recreated the moment Ms Steenkamp was shot dead by playing the part of the former model in a courtroom reconstruction.
The trial continues.
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